About the CAPA
The Child Attachment and Play Assessment (CAPA) assesses attachment and complex trauma in children aged 3 – 11 years.
This is a doll-play procedure which is filmed and usually takes about 25 minutes to adminster. It uses the established narrative story stem procedure in which children are given the beginning of a story (the stem) and then asked to ‘show and tell me what happens next?’ All the stories pull for attachment issues, e.g. the child burns his/her hand on the stove, there is a loud noise in the night when everyone is asleep, little piggy goes for a walk and gets lost. There are two sets of stories, one for children aged 3 — 6 years using the established story stem batteries and another for 7 – 12 year olds using stories developed for the CAPA. We are also piloting a procedure for adolescents.
The CAPA is designed for use with clinical and maltreated populations and has proved a reliable and non-intrusive method for examining young children’s mental representations of attachment and relationships. It is a particularly good procedure for assessing the impact of developmental trauma.
The CAPA is used by independent practitioners and several local authority social service departments in the UK to assess children in need, for understanding the perspectives of adopted and fostered chidlren, and also for court reports. Because children’s stories involve fantasy as well as reality the procedure should not be used to determine whether a child has been abused or maltreated.
Our current research is centred on the bio-physiology of trauma and attachment, specificaly heart rate variability and skin conductance. We are also looking at the relationship between sensory integration and attachment with the view to making finer distinctions between what is organic (e.g. global developmental delay, forms of learning disability and autistic spectrum disorders) and what is attachment/environmentally based. Please see the section "Publications and research" below for details.
Coding system
The CAPA analysis combines Crittenden’s Dynamic Maturational Model of attachment and adaptation (DMM) with Winnicott’s ‘playing and reality’ and ‘potential space’ to assess attachment strategy, mentalising, unresolved loss, and trauma together with the DMM modifiers.
The CAPA was devised by Dr Steve Farnfield who founded the MSc Attachment Studies programme at the University of Roehampton U.K., and with Paul Holmes co-edited the 3 volume Routledge Handbooks of Attachment. He is also a licensed trainer for a wide range of DMM assessment procedures.
Testimonials
"The CAPA is an extraordinarily informative and valuable clinical tool, which we have often found indispensable in our clinical practice when trying to understand and support young children who have had disrupted experiences of care. The detailed observation and analysis can reveal a highly nuanced insight into the way young children process information about themselves and their relationships and is a pleasure to use. The trainers are able to explain the complex and fascinating concepts in ways which are highly accessible. I cannot recommend the CAPA highly enough."
- Dr Emma Hunnisett, Consultant Clinical Psychologist
"Steve. I’m not trying to flatter you, but the CAPA has been the best training since I trained as a therapist, in terms of improving practice and confidence in what I’m feeding back. I’ve done training that I’ll never use in my work, but this I’m using constantly!"
- Sandra Georgeson. Play & Filial Therapist BAPT Registered